Verse 51847aa;Nnahii;N


G3

1
{although / however much} there is life-meltingness of anger/violence and wrath/rebuke
2
{although / however much} there's no support/'back-warmth' of fortitude/'heat' and strength

'Although, even if, notwithstanding; --how-much-soever, howsoever; as often as'.
'Warm support'. (Steingass p.252)
'Heat, warmth; burning, inflaming; pain, affliction, grief; anger, indignation, wrath, rage; light, radiance, lustre, splendour; strength, power, ability, capability; endurance'.

References
Arshi, Imtiyaz Ali Ghazal# 108
Raza, Kalidas Gupta 204
Hamid Ali Khan Open Image

Isn't it striking that both lines begin with ? We can't really make grammatically complete sense of two 'although' clauses. Formally speaking, it's hard to see how this verse can be made to consist of a grammatically complete sentence or thought. Ghalib has presented us with a strange, oblique, suggestive fragment, with no possibility of grammatical coherence or closure. But not to worry. This is the first verse of a two-verse verse-set . All the commentators read the two verses together, as a single grammatical whole, which surely seems the best approach. This is the first case of a Ghalibian 'compulsory verse-set' that I've seen. Usually the verses in a verse-set can fruitfully be read together, as parts of a larger whole, but each is also structurally complete on its own and makes at least some sense independently. Not this time, however. Since this verse is only a sentence fragment, it is inextricably joined to the next verse through grammatical enjambment. In any case, the verse has excellent wordplay: , or 'warm support', literally means 'back-warmth', so that it resonates with 'meltingness' and , which has among its numerous meanings 'heat'. The sound effects of and also work well together. graphics/solitary.jpg