Verse 8Feb. 1848aa;Napnaa


G4

1
what kind of a sage were we?! in what skill were we unique/incomparable?!
2
without reason/cause, Ghalib, the sky became our enemy

'Wise, learned; --a wise man, a sage'.

References
Arshi, Imtiyaz Ali Ghazal# 42
Raza, Kalidas Gupta 406-407
Hamid Ali Khan Open Image

As Nazm observes, human wisdom and skill are proverbially likely to bring down the enmity of the heavens. The 'sky' becomes jealous and sends down disasters on the too-lofty figure; the idea goes back at least to Aeschylus. By protesting that he has no special wisdom or skill, Ghalib points out with apparent wistfulness that others at least were blasted by the heavens for a reason, while he himself had the worst of both worlds: he was blasted not even for cause, destroyed meaninglessly and for nothing. Yet of course that's not the end of the story. By asking the questions in the first line, the poet sets us up to answer them. After all, we know perfectly well how sharp his literary mind is, and exactly 'in what skill he is unique/incomparable'. So we are aware that his claim in the second line is false. But that only makes it more effective as an expression of complete wretchedness and despair. The voice of someone who has abandoned even his legitimate claims to excellence, who claims no attributes but that of receiving injustice from the heavens-- such a voice makes a great, haunting, sweepingly melancholy ending for a ghazal. On the use of to mean , see 15,12 . graphics/darksky.jpg